Modern DNA tells a surprising story: the Palestinian Arabs are more genetically connected to the ancient Israelites than the European Jews who displaced them. This is the untold story of how today’s Palestinians can trace their roots back to the Bronze Age Canaanites and to the people who once built the Kingdoms of Israel and Judah.
Historical religious Records: Jews – converted to Christianity – converted to Islam;
The Genomic History of the Bronze Age Southern Levant
Highlights
•Analysis of genome-wide data for nine sites from the Bronze Age Southern Levant
•Contemporaneous samples from multiple sites are genetically similar
•Migration from the Zagros and/or Caucasus to the Levant between 2500–1000 BCE
•People related to these individuals contributed to all present-day Levantine populations
Summary
We report genome-wide DNA data for 73 individuals from five archaeological sites across the Bronze and Iron Ages Southern Levant. These individuals, who share the “Canaanite” material culture, can be modeled as descending from two sources: (1) earlier local Neolithic populations and (2) populations related to the Chalcolithic Zagros or the Bronze Age Caucasus. The non-local contribution increased over time, as evinced by three outliers who can be modeled as descendants of recent migrants.
We show evidence that different “Canaanite” groups genetically resemble each other more than other populations. We find that Levant-related modern populations typically have substantial ancestry coming from populations related to the Chalcolithic Zagros and the Bronze Age Southern Levant. These groups also harbor ancestry from sources we cannot fully model with the available data, highlighting the critical role of post-Bronze-Age migrations into the region over the past 3,000 years.
On the authority of Jurthum bin Nashir (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:
Verily Allah the Almighty has laid down religious obligations (fara’id), so do not neglect them. He has set boundaries, so do not overstep them. He has prohibited some things, so do not violate them; about some things He was silent, out of compassion for you, not forgetfulness, so seek not after them. [Daraqutni]
عَنْ أَبِي ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِيِّ جُرْثُومِ بن نَاشِر رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه و سلم قَال:
Red Seal Carpenter in Sault Ste. Marie – The Jobsite General
Northern Son Home Renovation & General Contracting in Sault Ste. Marie operates under one standard: Do it Right. The Northern Son Code represents our commitment to structural integrity, precision workmanship, and honest construction practices across Northern Ontario. Whether we’re building decks, renovating bathrooms, lifting garages, or completing full home renovations, our standards never change.
The Blizzard Birth
Legend has it, one blizzardy night in the Far North, the jet stream lost its mind.
It collided with some rogue polar vortex, creating a swirling storm of pure Northern chaos.
Out of that blizzard emerged a baby—but not just any baby.
No, this was a diapered carpenter-in-training, with snowflakes in his hair and a tiny tool belt.
Northern Son Sault Ste. Marie Contractor
Naturally, this kid needed a family.
Enter the North’s A-Team: a polar bear (for strength), a seal (for waterproofing, obviously), a pack of northern timber wolves (for teamwork), and a random arctic fox (because every legend needs a sassy sidekick).
Together, they taught him everything needed to be a Northern Son Sault Ste. Marie contractor : the polar bear taught him to bench-press tree trunks, the wolves taught him how to frame a house as a pack,
and the seal… well, the seal mostly clapped when he nailed his first drywall sheet.
Built for Northern Ontario’s Harsh Climate
By the time he was out of diapers (though rumor has it he built his own crib out of reclaimed barn wood), he was already squaring decks and insulating igloos. Snowstorms were his nap time lullabies.
He didn’t have a security blanket—he had a mini hammer.
What The Jobsite General Does Now
Fast-forward to today, and the Jobsite General is the guy who shows up when your garage door is frozen shut—he doesn’t open it, he convinces it to open itself.
He’s not bothered by -40°C—he calls that “perfect framing weather.”
And if you ask him to square a deck, he’ll likely measure once and somehow the universe will just… align.
The Differences:
They say you don’t just get that nickname. You earn it in February. Before sunrise. Minus twenty. When the ground’s like iron and the wind cuts sideways off the lake.
He wasn’t raised in comfort. He was raised in workshops that smelled like sawdust and diesel by Wolves and Polar Bears. Raised watching his father’s hands — rough, steady, precise. Taught that straight lines matter, and that your word matters more.
The First Job
He showed up at the yard one morning. No introduction. Just parked between the trucks like he’d always been there.
The crew asked, “Who’s the new guy?” He replied: “I’m here to assist.”
Then proceeded to:
• Square an entire deck by tapping it once • Organize every fastener bin alphabetically • Rewire a work light using pure intimidation
Well, aside from occasionally glowing in the dark (kidding… mostly), Jobsite General is the guy who shows up when things get tough:
Deck sagging? He’ll lift it—one-handed, while sipping coffee.
Drywall seams crooked? He’ll stare them straight.
Winter storms coming? He calls it “a refreshing breeze.”
He’s also known for his trademark “Jobsite General ” sayings which include gems like, “If it’s not level, I’m not leaving,” or “Sawdust? That’s just carpenter glitter.”
Why He’s Hilarious (And Kind of Terrifying)
When storms shut others down, he kept framing. When timelines got tight, he didn’t panic — he set the line.
Crews started saying it half joking at first.
“Better check it twice. The Jobsite General is coming.”
Because when he inspects something, it’s done right — or it’s done again.
He doesn’t chase trends. He builds what outlasts them.
And somewhere along the way, the nickname stuck.
Not because he asked for it.
But because the line he sets — doesn’t move.
Weaknesses
• Cannot ignore crooked trim in public buildings • Will reorganize your garage if left unattended • Gets visibly uncomfortable when someone says, “That’s probably fine.”
Why He Works With You
Jobsite General— the slightly radioactive embodiment of “We Own the North.”
Sometimes…
When a beam won’t budge.
When a garage needs lifting.
When winter hits sideways at -30.
You might notice owner Hal step away for a moment…
And Jobsite General step forward.
Fun Facts:
He is 58% stronger than your dad. 22% more stubborn than your mom. And 100% legally required to fix things he walks past.
Few People Know He Has
⚡ The ability to square a wall by glaring at it ⚡ Hands that automatically measure in 16” increments ⚡ And the power to tighten a loose hinge without tools
What He Stands For
The old tradesmen used to say the frostline was alive.
It tested men. It remembered shortcuts.
And once in a generation, when the winters grew long and the standards grew weak, the North answered. He wasn’t born the way other men are. He was forged.
Forged in a workshop lit by a single bulb. Raised on steel filings, frozen mornings, and words that were never wasted.
The stories say he learned to walk on subfloor. Learned to speak in measurements. Learned that a straight line was sacred.
But the legend begins the first winter he worked alone.
The storm came early that year. Concrete split. Framing twisted. Foundations failed across the region. Crews walked away. He didn’t. He dug deeper. Past the soft soil. Past the shifting ground. Past the fear that makes most men stop. Until he reached it.
The Line.
And when he set his foot against it… the ground held. From that day forward, winter stopped testing him. It tested everything else.
They say when he steps onto a site, the wind shifts. The noise lowers. The crooked feels exposed.
He doesn’t raise his voice. He doesn’t need to. The frigid temperatures know him. The ground remembers him. And anything built under his watch is set so deep that even February can’t touch it.
Tradesmen don’t speak his name lightly. But when a build must last… when failure isn’t an option… when the storm is already on the horizon…they call for him.
The Jobsite General.
Not because he manages the work.
Because he commands the ground beneath it.
The Takeaway
Out of the smoke emerged the Jobsite General—part carpenter, part legend, part… slightly radioactive? No one’s sure. But he’s here now, hammer in hand, ready to turn “broken” into “beautiful” faster than you can say “measure twice.”
So, when you see Son of the North, don’t panic—he’s part of the Northern Son Sault Ste. Marie contractor team here to build, fix, and maybe crack a joke about frostbite.
He’s the reminder that up here, “From Broken to Beautiful” isn’t just a tagline—it’s a way of life.
With a side of laughter and maybe a wolf howl or two.
Now, who needs a polar bear to help frame that garage?
Magnesium, an abundant mineral in the body, is naturally present in many foods, added to other food products, available as a dietary supplement, and present in some medicines (e.g., antacids, laxatives). Magnesium is a cofactor in more than 300 enzyme systems that regulate diverse biochemical reactions in the body, including protein synthesis, muscle and nerve function, blood glucose control, and blood pressure regulation [1-3]. Magnesium is required for energy production, oxidative phosphorylation, and glycolysis. It contributes to the structural development of bone and is required for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and the antioxidant glutathione. Magnesium also plays a role in the active transport of calcium and potassium ions across cell membranes, a process that is important to nerve impulse conduction, muscle contraction, and normal heart rhythm [3].
An adult body contains approximately 25 grams magnesium, with 50% to 60% present in the bones and most of the rest in soft tissues [4]. Less than 1% of total magnesium is in blood serum, and these levels are kept under tight control. Normal serum magnesium concentrations range between 0.75 and 0.95 millimoles/liter(mmol/L) [1,5]. Hypomagnesemia is defined as a serum magnesium level less than 0.75 mmol/L [6]. Magnesium homeostasis is largely controlled by the kidneys, which typically excrete about 120 milligrams (mg) magnesium into the urine each day [2]. Urinary excretion is reduced when magnesium status is low [1].
Assessing magnesium status
Because most of the magnesium in the body is found inside cells or in bone, it is difficult to assess magnesium status. Measuring serum magnesium concentration is the most commonly used method for assessment, but serum levels do not accurately reflect total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues. Comprehensively evaluating magnesium status may require the use of both laboratory tests and a clinical assessment.
Assessing magnesium status is difficult because most magnesium is inside cells or in bone [3]. The most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status is measuring serum magnesium concentration, even though serum levels have little correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues [6]. Other methods for assessing magnesium status include measuring magnesium concentrations in erythrocytes, saliva, and urine; measuring ionized magnesium concentrations in blood, plasma, or serum; and conducting a magnesium-loading (or tolerance) test. No single method is considered satisfactory [7]. Some experts [4] but not others [3] consider the tolerance test (in which urinary magnesium is measured after parenteral infusion of a dose of magnesium) to be the best method to assess magnesium status in adults. To comprehensively evaluate magnesium status, both laboratory tests and a clinical assessment might be required [6].
Recommended Intakes
The Food and Nutrition Board at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has established Recommended Dietary Allowances and Adequate Intakes for magnesium. These values range from 310 to 420 mg for adults and from 30 to 410 mg for infants, children, and adolescents, depending on age, sex, and life stage.
Intake recommendations for magnesium and other nutrients are provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) developed by the Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine [1]. DRI is the general term for a set of reference values used to plan and assess nutrient intakes of healthy people. These values include the following:
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA): Average daily level of intake sufficient to meet the nutrient requirements of nearly all (97%–98%) healthy individuals; often used to plan nutritionally adequate diets for individuals
Adequate Intake (AI): Intake at this level is assumed to ensure nutritional adequacy; established when evidence is insufficient to develop an RDA
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR): Average daily level of intake estimated to meet the requirements of 50% of healthy individuals; usually used to assess the nutrient intakes of groups of people and to plan nutritionally adequate diets for them; can also be used to assess the nutrient intakes of individuals
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL): Maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse health effects
Table 1 lists the current RDAs for magnesium [1]. For infants from birth to 12 months, the FNB established AIs for magnesium that are equivalent to the mean intake of magnesium in healthy, breastfed infants, with added solid foods for ages 7 to 12 months.
Good sources of magnesium include green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and certain beverages. Magnesium may also be added to some breakfast cereals and other fortified foods. In general, approximately 30% to 40% of the magnesium obtained from food and beverages is absorbed by the body.
Magnesium is widely distributed in plant and animal foods and in beverages. Green leafy vegetables (e.g., spinach), legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, are good sources [1,3]. In general, foods that contain dietary fiber provide magnesium. Magnesium is also added to some breakfast cereals and other fortified foods. Some types of food processing, such as refining grains in ways that remove the nutrient-rich germ and bran, substantially lower the magnesium content [1]. Selected food sources of magnesium are listed in Table 2.
Tap, mineral, and bottled waters can also be sources of magnesium, but the amount of magnesium in water varies by source and brand (ranging from 1 mg/L to >120 mg/L) [8].
Approximately 30% to 40% of the dietary magnesium consumed is typically absorbed by the body [2,9].
Food
Milligrams (mg) per serving
Percent DV*
Pumpkin seeds, roasted, 1 ounce
156
37
Chia seeds, 1 ounce
111
26
Almonds, dry roasted, 1 ounce
80
19
Spinach, boiled, ½ cup
78
19
Cashews, dry roasted, 1 ounce
74
18
Peanuts, oil roasted, ¼ cup
63
15
Cereal, shredded wheat, 2 large biscuits
61
15
Soymilk, plain or vanilla, 1 cup
61
15
Black beans, cooked, ½ cup
60
14
Edamame, shelled, cooked, ½ cup
50
12
Peanut butter, smooth, 2 tablespoons
49
12
Potato, baked with skin, 3.5 ounces
43
10
Rice, brown, cooked, ½ cup
42
10
Yogurt, plain, low fat, 8 ounces
42
10
Breakfast cereals, fortified with 10% of the DV for magnesium, 1 serving
*DV = Daily Value. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed DVs to help consumers compare the nutrient contents of foods and dietary supplements within the context of a total diet. The DV for magnesium is 420 mg for adults and children age 4 years and older [11]. FDA does not require food labels to list magnesium content unless magnesium has been added to the food. Foods providing 20% or more of the DV are considered to be high sources of a nutrient, but foods providing lower percentages of the DV also contribute to a healthful diet.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) FoodData Central [10] lists the nutrient content of many foods and provides comprehensive list of foods containing magnesium arranged by nutrient content and by food name.
Dietary supplements
Supplements can contain a variety of different forms of magnesium, and the absorption of these forms varies. In general, forms of magnesium that dissolve well in liquid have higher absorption than other forms, and the aspartate, citrate, lactate, and chloride forms of magnesium tend to have higher bioavailability than magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate.
Medicines
Magnesium is found in some remedies for heartburn and acid indigestion, and it is a key ingredient in certain laxatives.
Magnesium Intakes and Status
Many people in the United States consume less than the recommended amounts of magnesium, with men age 71 years and older and adolescent males and females having the highest risk of low magnesium intakes. Survey data suggest that the average intakes of magnesium from food alone are higher among people who take dietary supplements that contain magnesium than among those who do not. There is no current data on magnesium status among people who live in the United States, as magnesium status is not routinely evaluated in national surveys, hospitals, or clinics.
Magnesium Deficiency
Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, and weakness are some of the early signs and symptoms of magnesium deficiency. As the condition progresses, people with magnesium deficiency may experience numbness, muscle contractions and cramps, seizures, abnormal heart rhythms, coronary spasms, and other symptoms. In severe cases, magnesium deficiency can cause hypocalcemia or hypokalemia. While certain health conditions and the use of certain medications can cause symptomatic magnesium deficiency, it is uncommon in healthy people.
Groups at Risk of Magnesium Inadequacy
Certain groups of people are more likely than others to have magnesium inadequacy. These include people with gastrointestinal diseases, type 2 diabetes, or alcohol dependence and older adults.
Magnesium and Health
Habitually low intakes of magnesium induce changes in biochemical pathways that can increase the risk of illness over time. This section focuses on four diseases and disorders in which magnesium might be involved: hypertension and cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and migraine headaches.
Hypertension and cardiovascular disease
Results from clinical trials suggest that magnesium supplementation only marginally lowers blood pressure. Although some prospective studies have reported that people with higher intakes and/or serum levels of magnesium have lower risks of sudden cardiac death, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, more research is needed to understand the effects of magnesium from food and dietary supplements on cardiovascular disease.
Type 2 diabetes
Several meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies have reported that individuals who have higher magnesium intakes tend to have a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. However, only a few small clinical trials have evaluated using supplemental magnesium to control type 2 diabetes, and these trials have reported conflicting results. According to the American Diabetes Association, there is currently not enough evidence to recommend using magnesium to improve glycemic control in people with diabetes.
Osteoporosis
Magnesium is essential for bone health, and some studies have found that higher intakes of magnesium are associated with increased bone mineral density. Other studies have reported finding low serum magnesium levels among women with osteoporosis. However, more research is needed to determine whether magnesium supplements can help prevent or manage osteoporosis.
Migraine headaches
Low levels of serum and tissue magnesium appear to be associated with the occurrence of migraine headaches. Some research has suggested that the regular use of magnesium supplements may reduce the frequency of migraines. Although the data are limited, the American Academy of Neurology and the American Headache Society have concluded that magnesium is probably effective for migraine prevention.
Health Risks from Excessive Magnesium
Although the risk of acquiring too much magnesium from food is low among healthy people, high doses of magnesium from dietary supplements or medications can cause diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal cramping. Very high doses of magnesium can lead to magnesium toxicity, which can cause hypotension, vomiting, difficulty breathing, irregular heartbeat, cardiac arrest, and other signs and symptoms. A few cases of fatal hypermagnesemia have been reported. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level for supplemental magnesium is 350 mg for adults, and it ranges from 65 to 350 mg for children and adolescents, depending on age.
Interactions with Medications
Magnesium may interact with certain medications, such as oral bisphosphonates, tetracyclines, and quinolone antibiotics. In addition, some medications, including diuretics and proton pump inhibitors, can affect magnesium status.
Magnesium and Healthful Diets
In general, a person’s nutritional needs should be met primarily through the diet, including fortified foods. Dietary supplements may be useful in cases where it is not possible to meet the needs for specific nutrients through food alone, especially during certain life stages. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans offers a general description of healthy dietary patterns.
Rude RK. Magnesium. In: Coates PM, Betz JM, Blackman MR, Cragg GM, Levine M, Moss J, White JD, eds. Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare; 2010:527-37.
Rude RK. Magnesium. In: Ross AC, Caballero B, Cousins RJ, Tucker KL, Ziegler TR, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 11th ed. Baltimore, Mass: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2012:159-75.
Volpe SL. Magnesium. In: Erdman JW, Macdonald IA, Zeisel SH, eds. Present Knowledge in Nutrition. 10th ed. Ames, Iowa; John Wiley & Sons, 2012:459-74.
Elin RJ. Assessment of magnesium status for diagnosis and therapy. Magnes Res 2010;23:1-5. [PubMed abstract]
Gibson, RS. Principles of Nutritional Assessment, 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2005.
Witkowski M, Hubert J, Mazur A. Methods of assessment of magnesium status in humans: a systematic review. Magnesium Res 2011;24:163-80. [PubMed abstract]
Azoulay A, Garzon P, Eisenberg MJ. Comparison of the mineral content of tap water and bottled waters. J Gen Intern Med 2001;16:168-75. [PubMed abstract]
Fine KD, Santa Ana CA, Porter JL, Fordtran JS. Intestinal absorption of magnesium from food and supplements. J Clin Invest 1991;88:396-402. [PubMed abstract]
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. FoodData Central, 2019.
Ranade VV, Somberg JC. Bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of magnesium after administration of magnesium salts to humans. Am J Ther 2001;8:345-57. [PubMed abstract]
Firoz M, Graber M. Bioavailability of US commercial magnesium preparations. Magnes Res 2001;14:257-62. [PubMed abstract]
Mühlbauer B, Schwenk M, Coram WM, Antonin KH, Etienne P, Bieck PR, Douglas FL. Magnesium-L-aspartate-HCl and magnesium-oxide: bioavailability in healthy volunteers. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1991;40:437-8. [PubMed abstract]
Lindberg JS, Zobitz MM, Poindexter JR, Pak CY. Magnesium bioavailability from magnesium citrate and magnesium oxide. J Am Coll Nutr 1990;9:48-55. [PubMed abstract]
Walker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, Byng M. Mg citrate found more bioavailable than other Mg preparations in a randomized, double-blind study. Mag Res 2003;16:183-91. [PubMed abstract]
Spencer H, Norris C, Williams D. Inhibitory effects of zinc on magnesium balance and magnesium absorption in man. J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:479-84. [PubMed abstract]
Guerrera MP, Volpe SL, Mao JJ. Therapeutic uses of magnesium. Am Fam Physician 2009;80:157-62. [PubMed abstract]
Bailey RL, Fulgoni III VL, Keast DR, Dwyer JD. Dietary supplement use is associated with high intakes of minerals from food sources. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:1376-81. [PubMed abstract]
Rosanoff A, Weaver CM, Rude RK. Suboptimal magnesium status in the United States: are the health consequences underestimated? Nutr Rev 2012;70:153-64. [PubMed abstract]
Chaudhary DP, Sharma R, Bansal DD. Implications of magnesium deficiency in type 2 diabetes: a review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2010;134:119–29. [PubMed abstract]
Tosiello L. Hypomagnesemia and diabetes mellitus. A review of clinical implications. Arch Intern Med 1996;156:1143-8. [PubMed abstract]
Rivlin RS. Magnesium deficiency and alcohol intake: mechanisms, clinical significance and possible relation to cancer development (a review). J Am Coll Nutr 1994;13:416–23. [PubMed abstract]
Ford ES, Mokdad AH. Dietary magnesium intake in a national sample of U.S. adults. J Nutr 2003;133:2879-82. [PubMed abstract]
Musso CG Magnesium metabolism in health and disease. Int Urol Nephrol 2009;41:357-62. [PubMed abstract]
Barbagallo M, Belvedere M, Dominguez LJ. Magnesium homeostasis and aging. Magnes Res 2009;22:235-46. [PubMed abstract]
Dickinson HO, Nicolson D, Campbell F, Cook JV, Beyer FR, Ford GA, Mason J. Magnesium supplementation for the management of primary hypertension in adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006: CD004640. [PubMed abstract]
Kass L, Weekes J, Carpenter L. Effect of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012;66:411-8. [PubMed abstract]
Champagne CM. Dietary interventions on blood pressure: the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trials. Nutr Rev 2006;64:S53-6. [PubMed abstract]
Peacock JM, Ohira T, Post W, Sotoodehnia N, Rosamond W, Folsom AR. Serum magnesium and risk of sudden cardiac death in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Am Heart J 2010;160:464-70. [PubMed abstract]
Chiuve SE, Korngold EC, Januzzi Jr JL, Gantzer ML, Albert CM. Plasma and dietary magnesium and risk of sudden cardiac death in women. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;93:253-60. [PubMed abstract]
Joosten MM, Gansevoort RT, Mukamal KJ, van der Harst P, Geleijnse JM, Feskens EJM, Navis G, Bakker SJL. Urinary and plasma magnesium and risk of ischemic heart disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;97:1299-306. [PubMed abstract]
Del Gobbo LC, Imamura F, Wu JHY, Otto MCdO, Chiuve SE, Mozaffarian D. Circulating and dietary magnesium and risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2013;98:160-73. [PubMed abstract]
Larsson SC, Orsini N, Wolk A. Dietary magnesium intake and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:362-6. [PubMed abstract]
Song Y, Liu S. Magnesium for cardiovascular health: time for intervention. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:269-70. [PubMed abstract]
Larsson SC, Wolk A. Magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. J Intern Med 2007;262:208-14. [PubMed abstract]
Rodriguez-Moran M, Simental Mendia LE, Zambrano Galvan G, Guerrero-Romero F. The role of magnesium in type 2 diabetes: a brief based-clinical review. Magnes Res 2011;24:156-62. [PubMed abstract]
Simmons D, Joshi S, Shaw J. Hypomagnesaemia is associated with diabetes: not pre-diabetes, obesity or the metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010;87:261-6. [PubMed abstract]
Schulze MB, Schulz M, Heidemann C, Schienkiewitz A, Hoffmann K, Boeing H. Fiber and magnesium intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2007;167:956–65. [PubMed abstract]
Dong J-Y, Xun P, He K, Qin L-Q. Magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Diabetes Care 2011;34:2116-22. [PubMed abstract]
Evert AB, Boucher JL, Cypress M, Dunbar SA, Franz MJ, Mayer-Davis EJ, Neumiller JJ, Nwankwo R, Verdi CL, Urbanski P, Yancy WS Jr. Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2013;36:3821-42. [PubMed abstract]
Lima MDL, Cruz T, Pousada JC, Rodrigues LE, Barbosa K, Canguco V. The effect of magnesium supplementation in increasing doses on the control of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 1998;21:682-6. [PubMed abstract]
Rodriquez-Moran M, Guerrero-Romero F. Oral magnesium supplementation improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic control in type 2 diabetic subjects: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2003;26:1147-52. [PubMed abstract]
de Valk HW, Verkaaik R, van Rijn HJ, Geerdink RA, Struyvenberg A. Oral magnesium supplementation in insulin-requiring Type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med 1998;15:503-7 [PubMed abstract]
Rude RK, Singer FR, Gruber HE. Skeletal and hormonal effects of magnesium deficiency. J Am Coll Nutr 2009;28:131–41. [PubMed abstract]
Mutlu M, Argun M, Kilic E, Saraymen R, Yazar S. Magnesium, zinc and copper status in osteoporotic, osteopenic and normal post-menopausal women. J Int Med Res 2007;35:692-5. [PubMed abstract]
Aydin H, Deyneli O, Yavuz D, Gözü H, Mutlu N, Kaygusuz I, Akalin S. Short-term oral magnesium supplementation suppresses bone turnover in postmenopausal osteoporotic women. Biol Trace Elem Res 2010;133:136-43. [PubMed abstract]
Sun-Edelstein C, Mauskop A. Role of magnesium in the pathogenesis and treatment of migraine. Expert Rev Neurother 2009;9:369–79 [PubMed abstract]
Schürks M, Diener H-C, Goadsby P. Update on the prophylaxis of migraine. Cur Treat Options Neurol 2008;10:20–9. [PubMed abstract]
Holland S, Silberstein SD, Freitag F, Dodick DW, Argoff C, Ashman E. Evidence-based guideline update: NSAIDs and other complementary treatments for episodic migraine prevention in adults. Neurology 2012;78:1346-53. [PubMed abstract]
Kutsal E, Aydemir C, Eldes N, Demirel F, Polat R, Taspnar O, Kulah E. Severe hypermagnesemia as a result of excessive cathartic ingestion in a child without renal failure. Pediatr Emerg Care 2007;23:570-2. [PubMed abstract]
McGuire JK, Kulkarni MS, Baden HP. Fatal hypermagnesemia in a child treated with megavitamin/megamineral therapy. Pediatrics 2000;105:E18. [PubMed abstract]
Onishi S, Yoshino S. Cathartic-induced fatal hypermagnesemia in the elderly. Intern Med 2006;45:207-10. [PubMed abstract]
Dunn CJ, Goa KL. Risedronate: A review of its pharmacological properties and clinical use in resorptive bone disease. Drugs 2001;61:685-712. [PubMed abstract]
Arayne MS, Sultana N, Hussain F. Interactions between ciprofloxacin and antacids–dissolution and adsorption studies. Drug Metabol Drug Interact 2005;21:117-29. [PubMed abstract]
Sarafidis PA, Georgianos PI, Lasaridis AN. Diuretics in clinical practice. Part II: electrolyte and acid-base disorders complicating diuretic therapy. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2010;9:259-73. [PubMed abstract]
This fact sheet by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Dietary Supplements (ODS) provides information that should not take the place of medical advice. We encourage you to talk to your health care providers (doctor, registered dietitian, pharmacist, etc.) about your interest in, questions about, or use of dietary supplements and what may be best for your overall health. Any mention in this publication of a specific product or service, or recommendation from an organization or professional society, does not represent an endorsement by ODS of that product, service, or expert advice.
It was narrated from Thawban that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
“Three will fight one another for your treasure, each one of them the son of a caliph, but none of them will gain it. Then the black banners will come from the east, and they will kill you in an unprecedented manner.” Then he mentioned something that I do not remember, then he said: “When you see them, then pledge your allegiance to them even if you have to crawl over the snow, for that is the caliph of Allah, Mahdi.”
Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported:
Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “Seven people Allah will give them His Shade on the Day when there would be no shade but the Shade of His Throne (i.e., on the Day of Resurrection): And they are: a Just ruler; a youth who grew up with the worship of Allah; a person whose heart is attached to the mosques, two men who love and meet each other and depart from each other for the sake of Allah; a man whom an extremely beautiful woman seduces (for illicit relation), but he (rejects this offer and) says: ‘I fear Allah’; a man who gives in charity and conceals it (to such an extent) that the left hand does not know what the right has given; and a man who remembers Allah in solitude and his eyes become tearful”.[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]. –Riyah as -Salihin 449;
وعنه قال: قال رسول الله ، صلى الله عليه وسلم:”سبعة يظلهم الله في ظله يوم لا ظل إلا ظله: إمام عادل، وشاب نشأ في عبادة الله ، ورجل قلبه معلق في المساجد، ورجلان تحابا في الله، اجتمعا عليه، وتفرقا عليه، ورجل دعته امرأة ذات منصب وجمال، فقال: إنى أخاف الله، ورجل تصدق بصدقة فأخفاها حتى لا تعلم شماله ما تنفق يمينه، ورجل ذكر الله خالياً ففاضت عيناه” ((متفق عليه)) .
Narrated ‘Ubada bin As-Samit: The Prophet (ﷺ) “Whoever gets up at night and says: — ‘La ilaha il-lallah Wahdahu la Sharika lahu Lahu-lmulk, waLahu-l-hamd wahuwa ‘ala kullishai’in Qadir. Al hamdu lil-lahi wa subhanal-lahi wa la-ilaha il-lal-lah wa-l-lahu akbar wa la hawla Wala Quwata il-la-bil-lah.’ (None has the right to be worshipped but Allah. He is the Only One and has no partners . For Him is the Kingdom and all the praises are due for Him. He is Omnipotent. All the praises are for Allah. All the glories are for Allah. And none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, And Allah is Great And there is neither Might nor Power Except with Allah). And then says: — Allahumma, Ighfir li (O Allah! Forgive me). Or invokes (Allah), he will be responded to and if he performs ablution (and prays), his prayer will be accepted.”
Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2139’Salman narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said:”Nothing turns back the Decree except supplication, and nothing increases the life-span except righteousness.”
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ الرَّازِيُّ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ الضُّرَيْسِ، عَنْ أَبِي مَوْدُودٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ، عَنْ سَلْمَانَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم “ لاَ يَرُدُّ الْقَضَاءَ إِلاَّ الدُّعَاءُ وَلاَ يَزِيدُ فِي الْعُمُرِ إِلاَّ الْبِرُّ ” الحكم: حسنه أو صححه الشيخ الألباني (في [صحيح الجامع] 7687).
Canada faces a choice: Build new fossil fuel pipelines that deepen the climate crisis, damage ecosystems, endanger communities and enrich oil and gas billionaires, or build a truly resilient, people- and nature-centred future powered by renewables.
In November 2025, Prime Minister Mark Carney made a damaging deal with Alberta to fast-track a new diluted bitumen oil pipeline to B.C.’s coast while rolling back key environmental protections. This pipeline would lock Canada into deeper dependence on a declining, high-polluting industry and put North Pacific ecosystems and coastal First Nations at risk from increased tanker traffic and catastrophic oil spills.
There’s still time to stop this pipeline ploy and choose a fossil-fuel free future. Alberta intends to submit its pipeline proposal to the federal government’s Major Projects Office by July 1, 2026.
Act now! Message Carney and ask him to reject Alberta’s pipeline ploy.
People throughout Canada are facing more frequent and intense climate disasters and are struggling to put food on the table during a cost-of-living-crisis. Meanwhile, politicians are pandering to wealthy fossil fuel companies and giving them tax breaks.
There are better ways to strengthen Canada — such as building out an east-west electricity grid powered by affordable renewable energy, which would lower household energy bills. Real nation-building projects will advance climate objectives, protect nature, uphold Indigenous rights and create long-term prosperity.
Together we can choose a better path.
#Environmental Protextions; #Canada; Block #fossil fueel new pipeline;
Meaning– O Allah, You are Most Forgiving and You love to forgive, so forgive me.
Arabic Root: From the root ayn-fa-waw (ع ف و), which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to forgive, pardon, to pass over, forgo, absolve, to obliterate all traces, efface, remove, to kill-off, allow to die, to turn away from punishing, not see, annul, to make unapparent, imperceptible, to give spontaneously, to give without constraint, to give more than what is due.
This name compared to other names of forgiveness: Allah سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ loves to forgive His servants. We can see from the previous attributes that much has been said about His forgiveness. He is At-Tawwab (The Ever-Relenting), Ar-Rahman (The Beneficent), Ar-Raheem (The Merciful), Al-Ghaffar (The Forgiver), and Al-Gafoor (The Great Forgiver).Now, we expand to this list by adding another name, Al-Afuw, The Effacer of Sins. He is the one who erases all traces of sin. Forgiveness implies concealment, but the mark of sin still exists on the servant’s record. Al-Afuww suggests much more than just forgiving but eliminating it entirely. The view of scholars is the prior names are names of maghfirah (seeking forgiveness) which is different from seeking afw. For example, maghfirah is like forgiving but not forgetting. ‘afw is purification, being reborn, and having a clean slate.
As a name of Allah سُبْحَٰنَهُۥ وَتَعَٰلَىٰ, Al-Afuw is mentioned for a total of five times in the Qur’an.
in tubdoo khairann aw tukhfoohu aw ta’foo ‘an sooo’in fa innal laaha kaana ‘afuwwan Qadeeraa
ABUL ALA MAUDUDI TRANSLATION: “(Even though you have the right to speak evil if you are wronged), if you keep doing good -whether openly or secretly -or at least pardon the evil (then that is the attribute of Allah). Allah is All-Pardoning and He has all the power to chastise.”— (Qur’an 4:149)
Zaalika wa man ‘aaqaba bimisli maa ‘ooqiba bihee summa bughiya ‘alaihi la yansurannahul laah; innal laaha la ‘Afuwwun Ghafoor
English Translation: “That [is so]. And whoever responds [to injustice] with the equivalent of that with which he was harmed and then is tyrannized – Allah will surely aid him. Indeed, Allah is Pardoning and Forgiving.”— (Qur’an 22:60)
#Duah, #prayer, Last 10 Nights of #Ramadan; AL Afuw – the Effacer of Sins (erases all traces of sin); #Forgiveness; #Repentance;
bismillahschool.net 